Solar energy systems are a significant investment, designed to deliver clean, renewable energy for decades. However, like any piece of technology, they require occasional maintenance and care to perform at their best. Ignoring signs of underperformance can lead to higher energy costs, safety risks, and reduced system longevity.

In this blog, we’ll explore the most common signs that your solar system might need a check-up, helping you identify issues early and keep your system running efficiently.

1. Unexpectedly High Energy Bills

One of the clearest indicators of a solar system problem is an increase in your electricity bill. If your solar panels are working properly, they should significantly reduce your reliance on grid power. If you notice a sudden or unexplained spike in your energy costs, your solar system may not be producing as much power as it should.

Possible Causes:

• Shading Issues: Trees or new structures might be blocking sunlight from reaching your panels.
• Inverter Problems: A malfunctioning inverter might not be converting solar energy into usable electricity.
• Degraded Panels: Over time, panels can lose efficiency due to wear and tear.

What to Do:

Check your solar monitoring system (if you have one) for performance data. If production levels are lower than usual, it’s time to call a professional for an inspection.

2. Visible Damage to Panels

Physical damage to solar panels is another obvious sign that your system needs attention. While solar panels are built to withstand various weather conditions, they are not indestructible.

Common Signs of Damage:

• Cracks or Chips: These can result from hail, falling branches, or other impacts.
• Cloudy or Dirty Panels: Dirt, debris, or water stains can block sunlight and reduce efficiency.
• Loose or Broken Mounting: Panels that are not securely attached can shift or tilt, impacting performance.

Why It Matters:

Even minor damage can compromise a panel’s ability to generate power. In some cases, damage might also void your manufacturer’s warranty if not addressed promptly.

What to Do:

Inspect your panels visually, especially after extreme weather. If you see any damage, contact a solar technician for repairs or replacements.

3. Inverter Warnings or Errors

The inverter is the heart of your solar system, converting the DC electricity generated by the panels into AC electricity that your home can use. If your inverter isn’t working properly, your entire system could be underperforming.

Signs of Inverter Issues:

• Error Messages or Warning Lights: Modern inverters often display error codes or warning lights when something goes wrong.
• Unusual Sounds: Buzzing or humming noises could indicate a malfunction.
• No Display or Output: If the inverter appears off or unresponsive, it might have failed completely.

What to Do:

Check the inverter display for error codes and refer to the user manual for troubleshooting. If you cannot resolve the issue, call a certified solar technician to diagnose and fix the problem.

4. Decreased Energy Production

Over time, solar panels naturally lose a small amount of efficiency—typically around 0.5% to 1% per year. However, a sudden or significant drop in energy production is a red flag.

Causes of Low Production:

• Panel Degradation: Older panels may lose efficiency faster than expected.
• Wiring or Connection Issues: Faulty wiring can disrupt the flow of electricity.
• Microinverter or Optimizer Failures: If your system uses these devices, a failure in one can affect the overall performance.

What to Do:

Compare your system’s current output to historical data or your expected production levels. A solar professional can perform tests to identify the root cause of reduced production.

5. Discoloration or Hot Spots on Panels

Discoloration, burn marks, or hot spots on your panels can indicate serious issues that need immediate attention. These are often caused by faulty manufacturing, installation errors, or electrical problems.

Why Hot Spots Are Dangerous:

• Reduced Efficiency: A hot spot disrupts the uniform performance of the panel.
• Fire Risk: Overheating components can increase the risk of electrical fires.

What to Do:

Discoloration and hot spots usually require professional diagnosis and repair. In some cases, the affected panel may need to be replaced.

6. Frequent Tripping of Circuit Breakers

If your solar system frequently trips your home’s circuit breakers, it could be a sign of an electrical issue.

Potential Causes:

• Overloaded Circuits: Improper system design might be drawing too much power through certain circuits.
• Faulty Inverters: A malfunctioning inverter can cause power surges.
• Wiring Issues: Loose or damaged wiring can create electrical instability.

What to Do:

Stop using the system temporarily and contact a solar technician to inspect and repair the electrical components.

7. Roof Leaks Around Solar Panels

Solar panels are mounted on your roof, and while installation is typically designed to prevent leaks, poor workmanship or damaged seals can cause problems over time.

Signs of Roof Leaks:

• Water Stains on Ceilings: Look for signs of moisture indoors.
• Visible Gaps Around Mounting Points: Inspect the areas where panels are attached to the roof.
• Pooled Water or Mold: Check for water accumulation near the installation site.

What to Do:

If you suspect a roof leak, contact both a roofing contractor and a solar installer to assess and resolve the issue.

8. Pests Nesting Under Panels

Solar panels provide a warm, sheltered space that’s attractive to birds, squirrels, and other pests. Unfortunately, their presence can damage wiring and reduce system efficiency.

Signs of Pests:

• Droppings or Nesting Materials: Check for debris under or around the panels.
• Chewed Wires: Exposed or frayed wiring is a common issue caused by pests.
• Unusual Noises: Scratching or movement sounds might indicate a pest problem.

What to Do:

Install critter guards or mesh to prevent access. If pests have already caused damage, a technician can repair the system and recommend long-term deterrents.

9. Age of the System

If your system is over 10-15 years old, it might simply be showing its age. While solar panels and inverters are designed to last for decades, older systems may not perform as efficiently as newer models.

What to Watch For:

• Outdated Technology: Older systems may lack advanced monitoring or optimization features.
• Increased Maintenance Needs: Wear and tear become more common with age.

What to Do:

Consider an upgrade or replacement if your system is no longer meeting your energy needs or if repairs are becoming frequent and costly.

10. Monitoring System Alerts

If your solar system includes a monitoring app or device, pay attention to any alerts or notifications it sends. These systems are designed to catch problems early and often provide detailed information about performance issues.

Common Alerts:

• Low Production: Indicates underperformance compared to historical data.
• Device Failures: Notifies you if an inverter, optimizer, or panel stops working.
• System Offline: Signals a loss of communication between your system and the grid or monitoring service.

What to Do:

Act on alerts promptly and involve a solar professional to investigate and resolve issues.

Conclusion: Stay Proactive to Maximize Your Solar Investment

Regular check-ups and maintenance are crucial to keeping your solar system running at peak performance. By staying vigilant for these common signs of trouble, you can address issues early, minimize downtime, and ensure your system delivers clean energy for years to come.

If you notice any of these red flags or just want peace of mind, EnergyAid’s expert technicians are here to help. Whether it’s a routine inspection, repair, or system upgrade, we’ve got you covered. Contact us today to schedule your solar check-up!